Solar Power Home Systems and Alternative Energy
Photovoltaic Panels with Batteries Provide Off-the-Grid Power
May 25, 2009
As energy demand and prices continue to climb, many homeowners are looking for cost saving solutions for their energy demands. Conservation should always be the first step when looking into alternative energy systems for home use. Combined with conservation measures, solar power can provide energy needed for many households.
Current prices of installed solar systems can be quite high. Recognizing the need to promote investment in alternative energy, federal and state governments in the United States offer tax incentives to help offset costs of solar installation. Electricity providers in many areas also buy excess energy produced by solar panels, helping to reduce costs.
Grid Connected Solar Power System
It is generally desirable to remain connected to the electrical grid when having a solar system installed. Connectivity allows access to power during low light days. Many providers will buy excess electricity from a connected system, effectively running a homeowner's electric meter backwards. In the sunniest areas, solar power can supply a home's complete electrical needs for off-the-grid operation.
Potential for solar power varies locally by region. In the United States, the greatest potential for solar power is in the desert Southwest. In his 2008 work for the National Renewable Energy Laboratory, Billy Roberts produced a United States map outlining solar potential. Similar maps are available on the web for most regions around the world.
Components of a Solar Photovoltaic System
The Solar Guide maintains a website which provides a wealth of information about solar power systems. Depending on the type of system required, different components may be used. For a grid connected system, most components are the same, differing only in size or capacity. The following is a short list of common components:
- Solar Panels convert sunlight to electricity
- Inverters – These are key components which change Direct Current (DC) electricity produced by the panels into Alternating Current (AC) electricity which is used in the home.
- Charge Controllers control the flow of electricity and protect batteries.
- Batteries are important to store energy for use when the sun is not shining.
A certified installer can recommend the correct components for each application. The size and number of panels ultimately determine how much electricity a system can produce. Battery selection is at least as important as panel selection. The appropriate design of a battery bank determines how much electricity a home may need to draw from the grid during dark or darker times.
Scientists and researchers agree that solar energy is an important part of the world energy portfolio. Alternative energies can reduce dependence on fossil fuels and the pollution released by burning them. As research continues and demand for energy increases, the cost of solar should decrease and become an option for more consumers.
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